Landscape lighting can be an essential part of a beautiful and functional outdoor space. Low-voltage landscape lighting is a popular choice because it is energy efficient, safe, and easy to install. To get the most out of your landscape lighting system, you need to choose the right type of low-voltage transformer. and ensure it is sized to the required electrical load.
Landscape lighting transforms electrical energy from the home's electrical supply into a low-voltage output that's safe to use with outdoor lights. With so many options available, it can be difficult to determine which type of transformer is right for your specific needs. In this post, we will discuss the main types of low-voltage landscape lighting transformers, including magnetic transformers, standard transformers, and toroidal transformers, and detail the differences and benefits of each type. We will also lay out the steps to determine the size of the transformer to handle the required electrical load.
Magnetic Transformers
Magnetic transformers are the simplest and most affordable type of low-voltage transformer. They work by converting household AC voltage into low-voltage AC through the use of a magnetic core. This type of transformer is typically used in simple landscape lighting systems that only require a single circuit.
According to HGTV, "Magnetic transformers are often the most affordable option for low-voltage landscape lighting." They are ideal for small-scale projects and do not require a lot of technical knowledge to install.
Benefits:
• Budget-friendly
Drawbacks:
• Least efficient
• Output voltage can fluctuate
• Can cause flickering in lights
Electronic Transformers
Electronic transformers are larger than magnetic transformers and are typically used in more complex landscape lighting systems that require multiple circuits. They work by converting household AC voltage into low-voltage AC and then regulating it to a consistent 12 volts. This type of transformer is often used in large landscape lighting projects that require a variety of lights with different power requirements.
"Electronic transformers are the go-to choice for those with larger landscapes, more complex lighting schemes, and those who want more control over the light output," says HGTV.
Electronic transformers are more efficient than magnetic transformers, and they provide a more stable output voltage. Unlike magnetic transformers, electronic transformers use electronic components to reduce the voltage, which results in more consistent output.
Benefits:
• More efficient
• Stable output voltage
• Can power more lights than magnetic transformers
• Longer lifespan
Drawbacks:
• More expensive than magnetic transformers
Toroidal Transformers
Toroidal transformers are designed with a circular core, which is wound with a wire that carries the electrical energy from the primary to the secondary winding. This design provides several benefits, including more efficient use of space and a lower magnetic leakage field compared to conventional transformers. "Toroidal transformers are often considered the best choice for low voltage landscape lighting because they are smaller, lighter, and produce less heat compared to other types of transformers," says designer Scott Cohen of The Green Scene.
Additionally, toroidal transformers are known for their low noise levels and high level of stability, making them an ideal choice for applications where low-level noise is important. They are also more energy-efficient compared to other types of transformers, which can reduce the amount of energy consumption required to power your landscape lighting system.
Benefits:
• Highly efficient
• Compact size
• Low electromagnetic interference
• Improved safety
• Longer lifespan
Drawbacks:
• More expensive than magnetic transformers
All of the transformers manufactured by Silhouette Lights are toroidal. Shop our lineup.
Sizing Your Transformer
How to determine the required size of transformer for low voltage landscape lighting, including how to determine voltage drop and how it affects the lighting system.
Step 1: Determine the Total Wattage of Your Lights
The first step in determining the size of the transformer needed for low voltage landscape lighting is to determine the total wattage of your lights. This is easy to do by adding up the wattage of each light. For example, if you have 5 lights each rated at 6 watts, the total wattage of your lights is 30 watts.
Step 2: Determine the Total Length of Your Wiring
The next step is to determine the total length of your wiring, which is the distance from the transformer to the farthest light. This is important because the length of the wiring affects the voltage drop, which is the decrease in voltage as the electricity travels through the wiring.
Step 3: Determine Voltage Drop
Voltage drop is an important factor to consider because it affects the brightness and performance of the lights. To determine voltage drop, you will need to know the total wattage of your lights, the total length of your wiring, and the gauge of the wiring. A simple formula to determine voltage drop is:
Voltage Drop = (2 x Length of Wiring x Total Wattage) ÷ Gauge of Wiring
Step 4: Choose a Transformer
Once you have determined the voltage drop, you can choose a transformer that can handle the total wattage of your lights and the voltage drop. Transformers are rated in VA (volt-amperes), which is a measure of power. The VA rating should be equal to or greater than the total wattage of your lights plus the voltage drop. For example, if your lights have a total wattage of 30 watts and a voltage drop of 10 volts, you would need a transformer with a VA rating of 40 VA.
By following these steps, you can ensure that your lights work properly and last a long time.
Silhouette Lights offers 3 sizes of transformers so you can get exactly what your system needs for reliable power. Shop our lineup.
Choosing the right type and size of transformer for low-voltage landscape lighting is essential for ensuring the lights work properly and last a long time. By determining the total wattage of your lights, the total length of your wiring, and the voltage drop, you can choose a transformer that will meet your needs. As HGTV suggests, "By choosing the right size transformer, you can ensure that your landscape lighting will operate efficiently and effectively."
In conclusion, toroidal, electronic, and magnetic transformers have their own set of benefits and differences, making them ideal for different applications. When choosing a landscape lighting transformer, consider your specific needs and requirements, including power capacity, space limitations, and noise levels. "Low voltage landscape lighting is a great way to add beauty and ambiance to your outdoor living space," says host Chris Lambton of HGTV's Yard Crashers. "With the right transformer, you can ensure that your lights will operate efficiently and effectively for years to come."
